For students learning a second or foreign language, text is often simplified to ensure that they can comprehend it well enough to understand the core message. Usually, complicated text in a foreign ...

Automatic text summarization seeks to condense source documents into fluent, informative summaries that preserve essential meaning. Two principal approaches have emerged: extractive summarization, ...

Texts used in second language (L2) classrooms have traditionally been simplified manually. With recent technological advances, text can be simplified automatically through artificial ...