Today researchers know that proteins are long polymers made out of a set of twenty small constituents called amino acids (Figure ... conformational change to beta sheet structure and the ...

There is an alpha helix, for example, where the chain of amino acids twists into a right-handed coil, and so-called folded beta-sheet proteins. These formations determine how the proteins interact ...

Proteins have four levels of structure: primary (amino acid sequence), secondary (local folding patterns like alpha helices and beta sheets), tertiary (overall 3D shape), and quaternary (assembly of ...