The pendulum or Codman exercise is a passive shoulder exercise often prescribed for shoulder rehabilitation. It supports the passive range of motion of the joint and doesn’t require muscle contraction ...

Musculoskeletal injuries are commonplace in the fire industry; it’s rare to find a seasoned firefighter without some sort of nagging pain. And although fitness awareness and fitness levels have ...

Scapular kinematics and muscle activity are fundamental aspects of shoulder function and rehabilitation. The scapula serves not only as a base for multiple muscular attachments but also as a dynamic ...

In its most basic form, a shoulder replacement involves replacing the worn-down arthritic joint with metal and plastic ...

The labrum is a narrow piece of cartilage that supports the stability of the humerus bone to the shoulder socket. It is also where other ligaments come together to support the ball-and-socket joint, ...