The first installment of this article series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the open- and closed-loop small-signal AC output impedance of operational amplifier ...

Open-loop stepper motors have held a prominent position in automation applications over the years due to their simplicity, excellent positioning, and low cost. However, as manufacturers utilize faster ...

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing enhances the verification of ECUs by simulating real-world conditions using digital twins. The key benefits of an integrated HIL testing platform include accelerated ...

Every product development effort begins with a plan—traditionally, in the form of diagrams such as Leonardo da Vinci’s ornithopter flying-machine drawings, but today, in the form of software ...