PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

In the nearly 40 years since electronic control systems first became common features of industrial machines, controls theory has necessarily evolved to keep pace with machine design. Early on, systems ...

Well designed conventional PID controllers using Ziegler-Nichols method are having large overshoot and settling time. Significant research work has been carried out to improve the performance of ...

This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working ...

Some wonder if AI will replace PID control loops. The reality is that, instead of replacing PID, AI is stepping in to help keep things running smoothly without upending regulatory trust. Think of AI ...