Scientists at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) have identified the true source of a magnetic effect seen in the material ruthenium dioxide (RuO₂), helping resolve an active debate in the ...

Magnetism is a property of matter that has been known to mankind for several thousand years, long before these properties could be described in a theory. In our everyday lives, we are used to ...

Artificial intelligence is colliding with a hard physical limit: the energy and heat of today’s silicon-based chips. As models grow from billions to trillions of parameters, the bottleneck is no ...