The particles within a powder sample are present in a wide variety of sizes, shapes and compositions; with the requirements on their analysis and characterization being just as diverse. Analysis of ...

The conformation of proteins fluctuates when exposed to various environments, modifying the properties of proteins. For instance, when scattered in an aqueous environment, a protein’s structure and ...

In semiconductor manufacturing, a process called chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is used for polishing wafer surfaces. CMP uses a slurry that contains both functional chemicals and ...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been extensively used in various applications due to their benefits, which include no memory effect, prolonged storage life, and low self-discharge rate. As a result ...