As the process technology nodes keep shrinking, the variation of the design parameters transition, such as cell delays, becomes non-linear across different process, voltage and temperature (PVT) ...

All circuits, analog or digital, have characteristics dependent on the values of their component parts. Invariably, these parts are non-ideal in many ways. Even their most fundamental characteristics, ...

The classic low-current technique is the “up-in-the-air” wiring technique, where leads of the components in the critical path or circuit node are soldered together above the board. These component ...

For reliability, designers must create flex circuits that are neither too thick nor bend too much. • Every flex circuit has a neutral-bend axis. • Smaller circuit thickness reduces the risk of damage ...

In a balanced op-amp circuit, the op-amp inputs see equal impedances looking into the circuit. Balanced circuits provide better performance by cancelling some input errors and have a simple R F /R I ...