Interv Cardiol. 2012;4(5):527-536. The venous anatomy of the lower leg is made up of two axial systems, a superficial and a deep venous system. The superficial system lies above the muscle fascia ...

Hypersensitivity to the cold, especially ice cold feet, as well as a feeling of heaviness in the legs, are linked to the ...

Medically reviewed by Jeffrey S. Lander, MD The inferior vena cava (also known as IVC or the posterior vena cava) is a large vein that carries oxygen-depleted blood from the torso and lower body to ...

However, cosmetics aside, the leg fatigue and heaviness that is associated with chronic venous insufficiency in the presence of varicose veins can be disabling. The treatment of superficial vein ...